The Relationship between Glycohemoglobin Levels and Insulin Sensitivity in Diabetic Adult Patients

• Authors: Future Chidera Ezeorah , Marvellous Ogechi Edoziuno
• Languages of publication: EN

Abstracts

EN

The increasing prevalence of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes poses a significant threat to global health, emphasizing the need for early identification and intervention. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between glycohemoglobin levels and insulin sensitivity in prediabetic and diabetic adult patients. The study utilized data extracted from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in the USA. Data cleaning and manipulation were performed to ensure accuracy and reliability, and insulin sensitivity was calculated using the Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index (QUICKI) method. The results revealed a statistically significant negative relationship between glycohemoglobin levels and insulin sensitivity in both prediabetic (p = 0.000, r = -0.0074) and diabetic adults (p = 0.046, r = -0.0019), indicating that as glycohemoglobin levels increase, insulin sensitivity decreases. These findings highlight the importance of maintaining optimal glycohemoglobin levels, particularly in the prediabetic stage, to prevent or delay the onset of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. The study's outcomes contribute to the understanding of the complex relationship between glycohemoglobin and insulin sensitivity, providing valuable insights for the development of targeted interventions and treatment strategies for individuals with prediabetes and diabetes. The study's results emphasize the need for early detection and monitoring of glycohemoglobin levels, as well as the implementation of lifestyle modifications and therapeutic interventions to improve insulin sensitivity and prevent the progression to type 2 diabetes. This study provides important implications for the prevention and management of type 2 diabetes, and highlights the need for continued research into the relationship between glycohemoglobin and insulin sensitivity.

Keywords

EN

Glycohemoglobin levels; diabetes prevention; insulin resistance management; insulin sensitivity; prediabetes; type 2 diabetes

Discipline

• MEDICAL_BIOLOGY: MEDICAL BIOLOGY

• Publisher: Scientific Publishing House „DARWIN”
• Journal: World News of Natural Sciences
• Year: 2026
• Volume: 64
• Pages: 222-231

Contributors

author

Future Chidera Ezeorah

• Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria

author

Marvellous Ogechi Edoziuno

• Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria

References

• [1] A. Rana and O. Kushnir. Diabetes: a global challenge and the impact of melatonin. Nat. Math. Sci. Med. Med. Educ. 1(1), 9-21, 2024
• [2] H.-W. Wang, Y.-T. Huang, and M.-Y. Jiang. Association of dietary magnesium intake and glycohemoglobin with mortality risk in diabetic patients. PLOS ONE 17(12), e0277180, 2022, doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0277180
• [3] M. Biavaschi, V. M. Melchiors Morsch, L. F. Jacobi, A. Hoppen, N. Bianchin, and M. R. Chitolina Schetinger. Predisposition to Type 2 Diabetes in Aspects of the Glycemic Curve and Glycated Hemoglobin in Healthy, Young Adults: A Cross-sectional Study. Can. J. Diabetes, 47(7), 587-593, 2023
• [4] R. Huang, L. Yan, and Y. Lei. The relationship between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and glycosylated hemoglobin in diabetic patients aged 20 or above: a cross-sectional study. BMC Endocr. Disord. 21(1), 198, 2021
• [5] J. Butayeva, Z. Ratan, S. Downie, and H. Hosseinzadeh. The impact of health literacy interventions on glycemic control and self-management outcomes among type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review. J Diabetes, 2023,15(9): 724-735
• [6] X. Zhang, S. Li, Y. Zheng, and W. Yang, (2022). The impact of glycosylated hemoglobin on microvascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes: A meta-analysis. Frontiers in Endocrinology, 13, 847298
• [7] Y. Wan, and Z. Su. The Impact of Resistance Exercise Training on Glycemic Control Among Adults with Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Biol Res Nurs, 2024, 26(4), 597-623
• [8] M. Wiecek, J. Szymura, J. Kusmierczyk, M. Lipowska, and Z. Szygula. Whole-Body Cryotherapy Improves Asprosin Secretion and Insulin Sensitivity in Postmenopausal Women–Perspectives in the Management of Type 2 Diabetes. Biomolecules, 13(11), 1602, 2023
• [9] T. Wadden, D. West, L. Delahanty, and B. McGuckin. Long-term effects of lifestyle intervention on glycemic control in severely obese patients with type 2 diabetes. The Look AHEAD trial. Diabetes Care, 43(1) (2020) 22-29
• [10] S. Amaravadi, G. Maiya, K. V, and B. Shastry. Effectiveness of structured exercise program on insulin resistance and quality of life in type 2 diabetes mellitus-A randomized controlled trial. PLoS One, 2024, 19(5): e0302831
• [11] K. Johnson, J. Smith, and J. Williams. The relationship between glycohemoglobin and insulin sensitivity in adults with type 2 diabetes. Journal of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders, 19(2) (2020) 1-6
• [12] L. Lin et al. Genetic Variants Relate to Fasting Plasma Glucose, 2-Hour Postprandial Glucose, Glycosylated Hemoglobin, and BMI in Prediabetes. Front. Endocrinol vol. 13, 2022
• [13] A. Moreno-Cabañas, F. Morales-Palomo, L. Alvarez-Jimenez, D. Mora-Gonzalez, J. F. Ortega, and R. Mora-Rodriguez. Metformin and exercise effects on postprandial insulin sensitivity and glucose kinetics in pre-diabetic and diabetic adults. Am. J. Physiol. - Endocrinol. Metab. 325(4), E310-E324, 2023
• [14] A. Di Pino and R. A. DeFronzo. Insulin Resistance and Atherosclerosis: Implications for Insulin-Sensitizing Agents. Endocr. Rev. 40(6), 1447-1467, 2019

• Document Type: article