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Journal

2024 | 11 | 1 | 60-67

Article title

Optical hazard of solar radiation on the dilated eye

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Content

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Abstracts

EN
Administration of drops to dilate pupils is a common medical procedure around the world prior to an eye examination. Drops cause clinically significant dilation of the pupil (mydriasis) and inhibit its response to the visible wavelengths [1, 2]. The energy absorbed by the retina is proportional to the aperture size [3], therefore the risk of a lesion increases with the diameter of the pupil [4]. There are a vast number of approved drugs, which brochures warn patients about potential risks. Not all mentions protecting eyesight from the light [5–7]. None of them indicate the solar radiation, the sun, the sunlight or similar as potential hazard. Within this research, I adopt international standards for artificial light sources [4, 8] to define the safety class and risk group for the solar radiation affecting the dilated eye. The solar radiation is hazardous, following standards’ thresholds [4, 8]. I indicate a lack of clarity and a single-minded approach in the drugs’ characteristics regarding this specific hazard. I encourage drug producers and medical society to validate this risk.

Publisher

Journal

Year

Volume

11

Issue

1

Pages

60-67

Physical description

Dates

published
2024

Contributors

author
  • Faculty of Energy and Fuels, AGH University of Science and Technology, Krakow

References

  • Details of Medicinal Product. MYDRIA MAC. Online: https://pertento.fda.moph.go.th/FDA_SEARCH_DRUG/SEARCH_DRUG/pop-up_drug_ex.aspx?Newcode=U1DR2C1022621511611C.
  • SPC. PAREMYD. Online. https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2001/19261s8lbl.pdf.
  • Sliney DH, Freasier BC. Evaluation of optical radiation hazards. Appl Opt. 1973; 12(1): 1-24.
  • Safety of laser products. Part 1: Equipment classification and requirements. International Standard IEC 60825-1:2014. 2014.
  • Prescribing information with consumer information. Mydriacyl. Online. https://pdf.hres.ca/dpd_pm/00045344.PDF.
  • Novartis company. Bula Paciente – Mydriacyl tropicamida 10 mg/ml. Online. https://img.drogasil.com.br/raiadrogasil_bula/Mydriacyl-Alcon.pdf.
  • Consumer medicine information. Mydriacyl Eye Drops; Tropicamide Ophthalmic Solution 0.5% & 1.0%. Online. https://www.medsafe.govt.nz/consumers/cmi/m/mydriacyl.pdf.
  • Photobiological safety of lamps and lamp systems. International Standard IEC 62471:2006. 2006.
  • National Renewable Energy Laboratory. Reference Air Mass 1.5 Spectra. Online. https://www.nrel.gov/grid/solar-resource/spectra-am1.5.html.
  • Geeraets WJ, Berry ER. Ocular spectral characteristics as related to hazards from lasers and other light sources. Am J Ophthalmol. 1968; 66(1): 15-20.
  • Boettner EA, Wolter JR. Transmission of the Ocular Media. Invest Ophthalmol. 1962; 1: 776-83.
  • Ulotka dołączona do opakowania: informacja dla użytkownika. Cykloftyal, 10 mg/ml, krople do oczu, roztwór; Cyklopentolatu chlorowodorek. Online. https://rejestrymedyczne.ezdrowie.gov.pl/api/rpl/medicinal-products/38593/leaflet.
  • Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukt. Wortlaut der für die Packungsbeilage vorgesehenen Angaben. Gebrauchsinformation: Information für Anwender. Tropa-Stulln. Online: https://portal.dimdi.de/.
  • Watts P, O’Duffy D, Riddell C et al. Can I drive after those drops, doctor? Eye. 1998; 12: 963-6.
  • Goel S, Maharajan P, Chua C et al. Driving ability after pupillary dilatation. Eye. 2003; 17: 735-8.
  • HMA. Octanine. Online. https://mri.cts-mrp.eu/portal/fulltext-search?term=%09Octanine.
  • James RH, Landry RJ, Walker BN et al. Evaluation of the Potential Optical Radiation Hazards with Led Lamps Intended for Home Use. Health Phys. 2017; 112(1): 11-7.
  • Zissis G, Kitsinelis S, Arexis-Boisson L et al. LEDs and Solid-State Lighting: the potential health issues. Conference: 7th International Conference on Energy Efficiency in Domestic Appliances and Lighting (EEDAL’13). Coimbra 2013.
  • Scientific Committee on Health, Environmental and Emerging Risks. Opinion on Potential risks to human health of Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs). European Commission, 2018.

Document Type

Publication order reference

Identifiers

Biblioteka Nauki
56310218

YADDA identifier

bwmeta1.element.ojs-doi-10_24292_01_OT_300324_8
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