Soil Conservation by Vegetative Systems in Oil Palm Cultivation

• Authors: Halus Satriawan , Zahrul Fuady , Nanda Mayani
• Languages of publication: EN

Abstracts

EN

In Indonesia, agricultural land for oil palm plantation is mostly placed on slope areas. Erosion carries down surface soil layers which are generally fertile and rich in organic matter and nutrients, causing the loss of plant nutrients. Cover crops provide protection against the destruction of soil aggregates by rain and runoff. This research aims to study the effectiveness of vegetation as soil conservation in controlling erosion and runoff. This study was a field experiment on erosion plots of 10 m × 5 m with 1–2-year-old oil palm trees planted on a 15–40% slope, which were arranged in a Split Plot Design with replications as blocks, consisting of a combination of two factors: the age of the oil palm and slope as the first factor, and conservation techniques as a second factor. The results showed that the soil conservation techniques in oil palm cultivation could reduce the rate of surface runoff, soil erosion and nutrient loss. Soil conservation with upland rice – soybean – Mucuna bracteata, in sequence (T3) in oil palm 7–25 months old and 15–25% slopes (P1) were most effective reduced runoff, increase the infiltration and preventing soil erosion and nutrient loss in all age of oil palm and slope of land.

Keywords

EN

runoff, erosion, sediment, nutrients, soil conservation

• Publisher: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
• Journal: Polish Journal of Soil Science
• Year: 2016
• Volume: 49
• Issue: 2

Dates

published

2016

online

08 - 06 - 2017

Contributors

author

Halus Satriawan

author

Zahrul Fuady

author

Nanda Mayani

References

• [1] Blanco, H., Lal, R., 2008. Principles of Soil Conservation and Management. Springer Science+Business Media B.V.
• [2] Bruns, M.A., and Byrne, L.B. 2004. Scale Model of a Soil Aggregate and Associated Organisms: A Teaching Tool for Soil Ecology. J. Nat. Resour. Life Sci. Educ., 33: 85–91.
• [3] Central Bureau of Statistics, Aceh in Figures, 2013.
• [4] Cerda, A., 2015. The influence of aspect and vegetation on seasonal changes in erosion under rainfall simulation on a clay soil in Spain. Can. J. Soil Sci., 78(2): 321–333.
• [5] Chen, T., Niu, R.Q., Wang, Y., Li, P.-X., Zhang, L.P., Du, B., 2011. Assessment of spatial distribution of soil loss over the upper basin of Miyun reservoir in China based on RS and GIS techniques. Environ Monit Assess., 179: 605–617. DOI 10.1007/s10661-010-1766-z
• [6] Fuady, Z., and Satriawan, H., 2011. Application of ridges against the rate of runoff and erosion. Proceedings of the national seminar in precision farming, Medan 2011. Medan 25 November.
• [7] Fitri, R., 2010. Perencanaan Usahatani Berbasis Pinang untuk Pembangunan Pertanian Berkelanjutan di Kecamatan Peusangan Selatan Provinsi Aceh. Prosiding Seminar Nasional dan Rapat Tahunan Dekan Bidang Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian BKS – PTN Wilayah Barat Tahun 2010. Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Bengkulu, pp. 548.
• [8] Gomez, J.A., Sobrino, T.A., Giraldez, J.V., Fereres, E., 2009. Soil Management Effects On Runoff, Erosion And Soil Properties in a Olive Grove Of Southern Spain. Soil & Tillage Research, 102(1): 5–13.
• [9] Gregory, P., 2006. Plant Roots: Growth, activity and interaction with soils. Blackwell Publishing Ltd., Oxford UK.
• [10] Horton, R.E. 1940. An approach toward a physical interpretation of infiltration-capacity. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. Proc., 5: 399–417.
• [11] Mohammadi, M.A and Kavian, A., 2015. Effects of rainfall patterns on runoff and soil erosion in field plots. Int. Soil and Water Cons Res., 3(2015): 273–281. Dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.iswcr.2015.10.001
• [12] Morgan, R.C.P., 2005. Soil Erosion and Conservation. Third Edition. Blackwell Publishing.
• [13] Nurmi, O. Haridjaja, S. Arsyad, S. Yahya, 2012. Infiltrasi dan Aliran Permukaan sebagai Respon Perlakuan Konservasi Vegetatif pada Pertanaman Kakao. JATT, 1(1): 1–8.
• [14] Satriawan, H., Harahap, E.M., Rahmawaty, Karim, A. 2015. Effectiveness Of Soil Conservation To Erosion Control On Several Land Use Types. Agriculture (Pol’nohospodarstvo), 61(2): 61–68. DOI: 10.1515/agri-2015-0011
• [15] Satriawan, H., Fuady, Z., Fitriani, C.E., 2012. Potensi Agroforestry Dalam Pengendalian Erosi Dan Perbaikan Kualitas Tanah. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Agroforestry III, Yogyakarta 2012. Yogyakarta 29 May.
• [16] Satriawan, H., R. Fitri, R., Nuraida, Erlita, 2011. Kajian Erosi Pada Agroforestry Berbasis Pinang Dan Kakao Di Kecamatan Juli Kabupaten Bireuen. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Pertanian Presisi, Medan 2011. Medan 25 November.
• [17] Satriawan. H., Azizah, C., 2011. Penentuan Indeks Bahaya Erosi di Kecamatan Peusangan Selatan. Hibah Internal Universitas Almuslim. Tidak dipublikasikan.
• [18] Zuazo, D.V.H., Martinez, F.J.R., Martinez, A.R., Pleguenzuelo, C.R.R., Raya, A.M., Rodriguez, B.C., 2006. Soil erosion and runoff prevention by plant covers in a mountainous area (se spain): Implication for sustainable agriculture. The Environmentalist, 26: 309–319, DOI 10.1007/s10669-006-0160-4
• [19] Zuazo, D.V.H., Martinez, F.J.R., Martinez, A.R., 2004. Impact of Vegetatif Cover on Runoff and Soil Erosion at Hillslope Scale in Lanjaron, Spain. The Environmentalist, 24: 39–48, Kluwer Academic Publishers. The Netherlands.
• [20] Zuzel, J.F. and Pikul, J.L. Jr. 1993. Effect of straw mulch on runoff and erosion from small agricultural plots in Northeastern Oregon. Soil Sci. Am. J., 156 (4): 111–117.

Identifiers

DOI

10.17951/pjss.2016.49.2.223