Miozyny niekonwencjonalne i ich rola w mięśniach poprzecznie prążkowanych i komórkach miogennych

• Authors: Małgorzata Suszek , Jolanta Nowak , Maria Rędowicz

Title variants

EN

Unconventional myosins and their functions in striated muscles and myogenic cells

• Languages of publication: PL EN

Abstracts

PL

Miozyny to oddziałujące z aktyną białka motoryczne, zaangażowane w skurcz mięśni, migrację komórek i transport wewnątrzkomórkowy. Występują one we wszystkich organizmach eukariotycznych, w tym w pierwotniakach i roślinach. Miozyny zbudowane są z jednego lub dwóch łańcuchów ciężkich oraz kilku łańcuchów lekkich (1-7 na łańcuch ciężki). Zidentyfikowano kilka tysięcy sekwencji łańcuchów ciężkich miozyn występujących w kilkuset gatunkach. W łańcuchach ciężkich miozyn wyróżniono główkę obejmującą domenę motoryczną (miejsce oddziaływania z aktyną i wiązania ATP) i szyjkę z motywami IQ (miejsce niekowalencyjnego wiązania się z łańcuchami lekkimi) oraz ogonek (zawierający domeny warunkujące specyficzne funkcje poszczególnych izoform miozyny). Na podstawie różnic w sekwencji aminokwasowej domeny motorycznej wyróżniono ponad trzydzieści rodzin w nadrodzinie miozyn, z czego 12, reprezentowanych przez 40 izoform, występuje u człowieka. Miozyny mięśniowe (tworzące rodzinę II) zwane są konwencjonalnymi, a pozostałe - niekonwencjonalnymi. Niniejszy artykuł opisuje nadrodzinę miozyn, a w szczególności budowę i funkcje tych miozyn niekonwencjonalnych, które są obecne w komórkach miogennych i mięśniach poprzecznie-prążkowanych.

EN

Myosins, actin-dependent molecular motors, are engaged in muscle contraction, cell migration and intracellular transport. They are present in all eukaryotic organisms including protists and plants. They are composed of one or two heavy chains, and a number of light chains (1-7 per a heavy chain). Several thousands of myosin heavy chains have been sequenced in hundreds of species. The heavy chain is composed of a motor domain (with actin and ATP binding sites), a neck with IQ motifs (where light chains bind to) and a tail (with domains determining specific functions of a given myosin). A myosin superfamily is divided into over 30 families based on differences in the motor domain primary sequence. Twelve families represented by 40 isoforms are expressed in humans. Well known muscle myosins forming a family II are termed as conventional while all others are termed as unconventional. The article describes the myosin superfamily with emphasis on structure and function of unconventional myosins present in myogenic cells and striated muscles.

Keywords

PL

mioblasty; miotuby; miozyny; mięsień sercowy; mięsień szkieletowy

EN

cardiac muscle; myoblasts; myosins; myotubes; skeletal muscle

• Journal: Kosmos
• Year: 2018
• Volume: 67
• Issue: 1
• Pages: 57-74

Dates

published

2018

Contributors

author

Małgorzata Suszek

• Pracownia Molekularnych Podstaw Ruchów Komórkowych, Zakład Biochemii, Instytut Biologii Doświadczalnej im. M. Nenckiego PAN, Pasteura 3, 02-093 Warszawa, Polska
• Laboratory of Molecular Basis of Cell Motility, Department of Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology PAS, 3 Pasteur Str., 02-093 Warsaw,, Poland

author

Jolanta Nowak

• Pracownia Molekularnych Podstaw Ruchów Komórkowych, Zakład Biochemii, Instytut Biologii Doświadczalnej im. M. Nenckiego PAN, Pasteura 3, 02-093 Warszawa, Polska
• Laboratory of Molecular Basis of Cell Motility, Department of Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology PAS, 3 Pasteur Str., 02-093 Warsaw,, Poland

author

Maria Rędowicz

• Pracownia Molekularnych Podstaw Ruchów Komórkowych, Zakład Biochemii, Instytut Biologii Doświadczalnej im. M. Nenckiego PAN, Pasteura 3, 02-093 Warszawa, Polska
• Laboratory of Molecular Basis of Cell Motility, Department of Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology PAS, 3 Pasteur Str., 02-093 Warsaw,, Poland

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