Receptory aktywowane przez proliferatory peroksysomów w procesie nowotworzenia - fakty i kontrowersje

• Authors: Anna Szydłowska , Aleksandra Kurzyńska , Zuzanna Kunicka , Iwona Bogacka

Title variants

EN

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors in carcinogenesis - facts and controversies

• Languages of publication: PL EN

Abstracts

PL

Receptory aktywowane przez proliferatory peroksysomów (PPAR) należą do rodziny receptorów jądrowych. Dotychczas scharakteryzowano ich trzy izoformy: alfa, beta i gamma, które jako ligando-zależne czynniki transkrypcyjne zaangażowane są w regulację różnych procesów fizjologicznych w organizmie. Ich podstawową funkcją jest udział w metabolizmie lipidów i glukozy. PPAR uczestniczą również w reakcji zapalnej oraz w kontroli proliferacji i różnicowania komórek, a także w regulowaniu procesów rozrodczych. Wyniki wielu badań wskazują, że receptory te zaangażowane są w proces nowotworzenia, chociaż rola poszczególnych izoform nie jest jednoznacznie zdefiniowana. Izoforma alfa uczestniczy w powstawaniu raka wątrobowokomórkowego u gryzoni, jednak w przypadku ludzkich hepatocytów długotrwała aktywacja tej izoformy nie wywołuje zmian nowotworowych. Udział PPARβ/δ w procesie kancerogenezy jest najbardziej niesprecyzowany spośród wszystkich izoform PPAR. Istnieją przypuszczenia, że pełni ona ważną rolę w powstawaniu raka jelita grubego. Z kolei, ekspresję PPARγ obserwuje się w wielu typach komórek nowotworowych, a rola tej izoformy w powstawaniu nowotworów jest najbardziej złożona. Wykazuje ona m. in. właściwości anty-proliferacyjne i proapoptotyczne, hamuje angiogenezę oraz indukuje końcowe różnicowanie komórek. W niniejszej pracy przedstawiono istniejące poglądy i kontrowersje na temat udziału trzech izoform PPAR w procesie nowotworzenia.

EN

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) belong to the nuclear receptor family. So far, three isoforms of PPARs: alpha, beta and gamma have been described. As ligand-dependent transcription factors, they participate in the regulation of diverse physiological processes. PPARs are involved in the regulation of lipid and glucose metabolism. They also control inflammatory processes or cell proliferation and differentiation. PPARs are also implicated in the regulation of reproductive functions. Furthermore, results of several studies clearly indicate, that PPARs are involved in carcinogenesis. PPARα mediates in hepatocellular tumor growth in rodents, but its role in human hepatocytes is not so obvious as in rodents. The role of PPARβ/δ in carcinogenesis still remains unclear. It is believed, that PPARβ/δ has important function in colorectal tumor growth. In turn, the expression of PPARγ has been demonstrated in different types of tumor cells and its role in carcinogenesis seems the most complex. There are reports that indicate antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects of PPARγ activation. It has been also demonstrated that PPARγ ligands inhibit angiogenesis and induce terminal differentiation. In this review, we summarize current findings regarding the involvement of the three PPAR isoforms in carcinogenesis.

Keywords

PL

czynniki transkrypcyjne; kancerogeneza; ligandy PPAR; nowotwory; receptory jądrowe

EN

cancer; carcinogenesis; nuclear receptors; PPAR ligands; transcription factors

• Journal: Kosmos
• Year: 2018
• Volume: 67
• Issue: 2
• Pages: 361-373

Dates

published

2018

Contributors

author

Anna Szydłowska

• Katedra Anatomii i Fizjologii Zwierząt, Wydział Biologii i Biotechnologii, Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-718 Olsztyn, Polska
• Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 1A Oczapowskiego Str., 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland

author

Aleksandra Kurzyńska

• Katedra Anatomii i Fizjologii Zwierząt, Wydział Biologii i Biotechnologii, Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-718 Olsztyn, Polska
• Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 1A Oczapowskiego Str., 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland

author

Zuzanna Kunicka

• Katedra Anatomii i Fizjologii Zwierząt, Wydział Biologii i Biotechnologii, Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-718 Olsztyn, Polska
• Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 1A Oczapowskiego Str., 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland

author

Iwona Bogacka

• Katedra Anatomii i Fizjologii Zwierząt, Wydział Biologii i Biotechnologii, Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-718 Olsztyn, Polska
• Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 1A Oczapowskiego Str., 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland

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