Immunometabolizm czyli jak procesy biochemiczne kontrolują funkcje obronne leukocytów

• Authors: Iwona Cichoń , Elżbieta Kołaczkowska

Title variants

EN

Immunometabolism: how biochemical processes control immune responses of leukocytes

• Languages of publication: PL EN

Abstracts

PL

W ostatnich latach nową, dynamicznie rozwijającą się gałęzią nauki o odporności jest immunometabolizm. Dział ten bada jak przemiany metaboliczne zachodzące w komórkach układu odpornościowego, wpływają na ich przetrwanie, rozwój, ale także funkcje wykonawcze. W opracowaniu tym opisujemy przebieg podstawowych i pomocniczych szlaków pozyskania energii przez leukocyty, a w szczególności glikolizę, cykl Krebsa, szlak pentozofosforanowy oraz utlenienie kwasów tłuszczowych. Przedstawiamy znaczenie poszczególnych szlaków dla funkcjonowania leukocytów, rozwoju ich fenotypu (np. makrofagów M1 i M2), oraz przełączania szlaków podczas ich aktywacji. Zmiany te mogą wpływać na funkcje obronne w czasie reakcji zapalnej, infekcji lub uszkodzenia tkanek. Z drugiej strony, leukocyty mogą realizować różne programy metaboliczne, celem pozyskania energii do walki z patogenami. Zależność pomiędzy funkcjami obronnymi a metabolizmem rzuca także nowe światło na zrozumienie mechanizmów chorób metabolicznych, a przede wszystkim kompleksowej odpowiedzi immunologicznej.

EN

In recent years, a new branch of immunology called immunometabolism has been established. The discipline focuses on intracellular metabolic changes in immune cells that impact - influence their survival, development, as well as defense mechanisms. Here we provide a brief summary of basic and ancillary metabolic pathways which leukocytes utilize to obtain energy, with a special focus on glycolysis, TCA cycle, penthosophosphate pathway and fatty acid oxidation. Significance of the given metabolic path for leukocyte functioning, phenotype changes (e.g. M1 vs. M2 macrophages) and biochemical changes during activation is discussed. The metabolic changes can in fact shape the effector functions during inflammation, infection or tissue injury. On the other hand, leukocytes can adopt different metabolic programs to gain energy required to eliminate pathogens. An interplay between immunity and metabolism sheds new light on understanding of metabolic diseases but foremost on complex immune responses.

Keywords

PL

limfocyty; makrofagi; neutrofile; odporność nabyta; odporność wrodzona; szlaki metaboliczne

EN

adaptive immunity; innate immunity; lymphocytes; macrophages; metabolic pathways; neutrophils

• Journal: Kosmos
• Year: 2017
• Volume: 66
• Issue: 4
• Pages: 635-649

Dates

published

2017

Contributors

author

Iwona Cichoń

• Zakład Immunologii Ewolucyjnej, Instytut Zoologii i Badań Biomedycznych, Uniwersytet Jagielloński, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387 Kraków, Polska
• Department of Evolutionary Immunology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University,, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387 Kraków, Poland

author

Elżbieta Kołaczkowska

• Zakład Immunologii Ewolucyjnej, Instytut Zoologii i Badań Biomedycznych, Uniwersytet Jagielloński, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387 Kraków, Polska
• Department of Evolutionary Immunology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University,, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387 Kraków, Poland

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