Wyrzut zewnątrzkomórkowych sieci neutrofilowych (NET) przez neutrofile i co dalej? Konsekwencje tworzenia i nieprawidłowego usuwania NET

• Authors: Michał Santocki , Elżbieta Kołaczkowska

Title variants

EN

Beyond release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) by neutrophils: on collateral consequences of their release and impaired removal

• Languages of publication: PL EN

Abstracts

PL

Neutrofilowe sieci zewnątrzkomórkowe (NET) to niedawno odkryty mechanizm, dzięki któremu neutrofile mogą skutecznie walczyć z patogenami. W wyniku aktywacji neutrofile wyrzucają zdekondensowany DNA, połączony z histonami i białkami pochodzącymi z ziarnistości. Te przestrzenne struktury mogą wyłapywać, ograniczać rozprzestrzenianie się, a w niektórych przypadkach zabijać patogeny. Pomimo korzystnych efektów, NET są także odpowiedzialne za patogenezę różnych chorób autoimmunizacyjnych, takich jak reumatoidalne zapalenie stawów, łuszczyca czy toczeń rumieniowaty układowy, a także przyczyniają się do uszkodzeń narządów w trakcie sepsy. Jak dotąd niewiele wiadomo o tym jak NET są usuwane z naczyń krwionośnych i narządów oraz przez które komórki. Istniejące, nieliczne doniesienia wskazują na udział makrofagów w usuwaniu NET, jednakże wyniki te pochodzą tylko z eksperymentów in vitro. Otwartym pozostaje zatem pytanie o mechanizmy tego procesu w skomplikowanym środowisku żywego organizmu. W związku z patologicznym aspektem tworzenia NET, ważnym będzie opracowanie skutecznego środka farmakologicznego zdolnego do usuwania tych struktur.

EN

Neutrophil extracellular traps (NET) represent a recently discovered mechanism by which neutrophils can efficiently fight pathogens. Upon activation, neutrophils release decondensed extracellular DNA decorated with histones and granular proteins. These three-dimensional structures can trap pathogens, limit their spread and sometimes kill them. Despite their beneficial effects, NETs are also involved in pathogenesis of various autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis or systemic lupus erythematosus, and also contribute to organ damage during sepsis. So far, little is known on how NETs are removed from vasculature and tissues, and by which cells. Limited available studies indicate that macrophages might remove NETs, but these results were obtained in vitro. Thus it remains unknown how this process occurs in a complex milieu of the body. Due to the pathological aspect of NET formation, a challenge for the near future will be development of pharmacological agents capable of NET removal.

Keywords

PL

makrofagi; NET; neutrofil; sepsa; uszkodzenie tkanek

EN

macrophages; NET; neutrophil; sepsis; tissues damage

• Journal: Kosmos
• Year: 2017
• Volume: 66
• Issue: 4
• Pages: 623-634

Dates

published

2017

Contributors

author

Michał Santocki

• Zakład Immunologii Ewolucyjnej, Instytut Zoologii i Badań Biomedycznych, Uniwersytet Jagielloński, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387 Kraków, Polska
• Department of Evolutionary Immunology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387 Kraków, Poland

author

Elżbieta Kołaczkowska

• Zakład Immunologii Ewolucyjnej, Instytut Zoologii i Badań Biomedycznych, Uniwersytet Jagielloński, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387 Kraków, Polska
• Department of Evolutionary Immunology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387 Kraków, Poland

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