Historia gatunków reagujących zmianami zasięgu na gradient klimatyczny oceaniczno-kontynentalny w Europie - przypadek chomika europejskiego (Cricetus Cricetus L.)

• Authors: Zofia Korbut , Agata Banaszek

Title variants

EN

The history of species reacting with range shifts to the oceanic-continental climate gradient in Europe. The case of the common hamster (Cricetus Cricetus L.)

• Languages of publication: PL EN

Abstracts

PL

Zmiany zasięgu występowania gatunków zależne są w dużej mierze od zmieniającego się cyklicznie klimatu. W przeszłości glacjały oraz interglacjały niejednokrotnie doprowadzały do zwiększenia lub utraty zajmowanego przez taksony obszaru. Niekorzystny dla siebie okres czasu gatunki mogły przetrwać w miejscach określanych jako refugia. Lokalizacja obszarów refugialnych mogła być różna, w zależności od tolerancji klimatycznych oraz wymagań środowiskowych organizmów. Dotychczasowe analizy bio- i filogeograficzne gatunków europejskich brały pod uwagę tylko jeden, równoleżnikowy gradient klimatyczny, czyli zmiany temperatury przebiegające z północy na południe. Jednak, w przypadku niektórych gatunków istotnym czynnikiem wpływającym na ich rozmieszczenie jest gradient klimatyczny oceaniczno - kontynentalny, który w Europie jest południkowy. Przykładem takiego gatunku jest chomik europejski (Cricetus cricetus), który w ostatnich latach utracił znaczną część swojego zasięgu występowania w Europie Zachodniej i Centralnej. Przyczyn tak gwałtownego spadku liczebności populacji i zmniejszenia zasięgu doszukiwano się w intensyfikacji rolnictwa i urbanizacji terenów dotychczas rolniczych. Niemniej jednak istotnym czynnikiem mogą być także, pomijane dotychczas wpływy klimatu i przesunięcie się gradientu klimatycznego oceanicznego w kierunku wschodnim.

EN

Species 'range shifts' oscillated in response to cyclical climate changes. Glacial and interglacial cycles in the past often led to increase or contraction of the taxa range. The places where species persist during the period of the species' maximum contraction in range have been described as refuges. The location of refuges' areas depends mainly on the climate adaptation and environmental tolerance of individual species. Most of the bio- and phylogeographic studies performed so far in Europe recognized only one climatic gradient, which is latitudinal (important factor is temperature decreasing northwards). The other climatic gradient, that is often ignored in phylogeographic research, is the oceanic - continental one that in Europe is longitudinal. The common hamster (Cricetus cricetus) is the species adapted to continental climate which has lost large parts of its previous range in Western and Central Europe. The causes for this decline are not clearly understood but the main reasons taken under consideration are the changes occuring in agricultural management and urbanization of formerly agricultural areas. However, current shrinkage of the range may also be a response to oceanic climate gradient extending eastwards in Europe.

Keywords

PL

chomik europejski; filogeografia refugia; rozmieszczenie geograficzne; zmiany klimatu

• Journal: Kosmos
• Year: 2016
• Volume: 65
• Issue: 1
• Pages: 69-79

Dates

published

2016

Contributors

author

Zofia Korbut

• Uniwersytet w Białymstoku, Instytut Biologii, K. Ciołkowskiego 1J, 15-245 Białystok, Polska
• University of Białystok, Institute of Biology, K. Ciołkowskiego 1J, 15-245 Białystok, Poland

author

Agata Banaszek

• Uniwersytet w Białymstoku, Instytut Biologii, K. Ciołkowskiego 1J, 15-245 Białystok, Polska
• University of Białystok, Institute of Biology, K. Ciołkowskiego 1J, 15-245 Białystok, Poland

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