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Journal

2016 | 65 | 3 | 445-453

Article title

Wybrane problemy ochrony przyrody na przykładzie motyli (Lepidoptera) jako grupy modelowej

Authors

Content

Title variants

EN
The challenges to modern nature conservation - butterflies as a model group

Languages of publication

PL EN

Abstracts

PL
Motyle są modelową grupą zwierząt w badaniach z zakresu ochrony przyrody i ekologii krajobrazu. Wiele gatunków motyli zostało rozpoznanych jako gatunki wskaźnikowe lub parasolowe. Zainteresowanie motylami dało początek ochronie owadów i ochronie krajobrazu. W artykule przedstawiam współczesne zagrożenia dla bioróżnorodności na przykładzie motyli jako grupy modelowej. Wyjaśniam koncepcję fragmentacji siedlisk i pojęcie siedliska, których rozumienie jest niezbędne aby podejmować skuteczne akcje ochrony zagrożonych gatunków. Opisuję jak kształtuje się odpowiedź motyli na zmiany w środowisku wywołane przez człowieka i podaję zarys praktycznych działań dotyczących ochrony bioróżnorodności. Najtrudniejszym zadaniem dla biologów zajmujących się ochroną przyrody jest określenie komponentów wchodzących w skład siedlisk kluczowych gatunków. Istnieją dwa główne podejścia. Pierwsze wynika z klasycznej teorii metapopulacji i zakłada, że siedlisko jest niejednolicie rozmieszczone w krajobrazie jako płaty siedliska otoczone nieprzyjaznym środowiskiem zwanym matriks. Drugie podejście wywodzi się z koncepcji siedliska opartego na zasobach, która uwzględnia wszystkie możliwe zasoby potrzebne w czasie całego cyklu życiowego gatunku. Głównym i globalnym problemem w ochronie motyli jest fragmentacja siedlisk, która prowadzi do zmian w konfiguracji krajobrazu. Innymi zagrożeniami są zmiany w intensywności użytkowania gruntów, inwazje obcych gatunków roślin i zmiany klimatu. Zrozumienie tych zjawisk jest niezbędne dla efektywnej ochrony gatunków, zarówno w skali płatu siedliska jak i skali krajobrazu.
EN
Butterflies are a model group of animals in studies of conservation biology and landscape ecology. Many butterfly species are recognized as biodiversity indicators and umbrella species. The interest in butterflies was a foundation stone in insect conservation and landscape management. In this paper, I present the contemporary threats to biodiversity with butterflies as an exemplary model group. I explain the concepts of the habitat and habitat fragmentation, which understanding is necessary for successful conservation actions. I review the response of butterflies to the human-induced changes in the environment and propose practical conservation recommendations. The most difficult task for conservation biologists is to determine what is a habitat of the target species. There are two main approaches. The first arises from the classic metapopulation theory and it assumes that habitat is patchily distributed in landscape and habitat patches are surrounded by the inhospitable environment called matrix. The second approach is a resource-based habitat concept that considers all possible species requirements into account. The main global problem in conservation of butterflies is habitat fragmentation which leads to changes in configuration of landscape and habitat patches. Other major conservation issues are changes in the land use intensity, invasion of alien plants and climate change. An understanding of these phenomena is essential to efficient conservation of species both at the habitat patch and landscape scales.

Journal

Year

Volume

65

Issue

3

Pages

445-453

Physical description

Dates

published
2016

Contributors

  • Instytut Nauk o Środowisku, Uniwersytet Jagielloński, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Polska
  • Institute of Environmental Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland

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Document Type

Publication order reference

Identifiers

YADDA identifier

bwmeta1.element.bwnjournal-article-ksv65p445kz
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