Wybrane aspekty adaptacji roślin do warunków niedoboru fosforu w środowisku glebowym

• Authors: Magdalena Zboińska

Title variants

EN

Some aspects of plants adaptations to phosphorus deficiency in the soil environment

• Languages of publication: PL EN

Abstracts

PL

Wiele gleb, także uprawnych, charakteryzuje się bardzo niskim stężeniem rozpuszczonych w roztworze glebowym jonów fosforanowych, które są jedyną formą fosforu pobieraną przez rośliny. Jednocześnie, znaczną pulę fosforu glebowego stanowią organiczne formy tego pierwiastka, a dodatkowo duża frakcja fosforanów immobilizowana jest przez składniki gleby. Z tego powodu rośliny wykształciły wiele przystosowań ułatwiających im wydajne korzystanie z ograniczonych zasobów fosforu glebowego. Są to m.in. zmiany w budowie systemu korzeniowego mające na celu zwiększenie jego powierzchni chłonnej, tworzenie relacji symbiotycznych z grzybami mikoryzowymi, wzrost aktywności lub ilości białek odpowiedzialnych za pobieranie fosforanów z gleby, a także wydzielanie przez korzenie enzymów i kwasów organicznych, które uwalniają fosforany z obecnych w glebie związków organicznych i nieorganicznych. Celem niniejszej pracy jest omówienie wspomnianych przystosowań.

EN

Inorganic phosphates are the only form of phosphorus which plants can take up. Unfortunately, in most soils, including agricultural soils, concentration of phosphate ions in soil solutions is very low. On the other hand, considerable part of soil phosphorus pool is present in the form of phosphoroorganic compounds and a great fraction of phosphates is immobilized by soil particles. For these reasons, plants have developed many adaptations which facilitate more efficient use of the limited soil phosphates sources. These adaptations include changes in the root system architecture to enlarge the sorption area, formation of mycorrhizal associations, increase of activity or abundance of proteins responsible for phosphate ions uptake, as well as secretion of enzymes and organic acids which release phosphate ions from organic and inorganic phosphorous compounds. The goal of this paper is to outline the current state of knowledge about these adaptations.

Keywords

PL

fosforany; klastry korzeniowe; kwaśne fosfatazy; mikoryza; transportery fosforanowe

• Journal: Kosmos
• Year: 2016
• Volume: 65
• Issue: 3
• Pages: 419-431

Dates

published

2016

Contributors

author

Magdalena Zboińska

• Zakład Fizjologii Molekularnej Roślin, Instytut Biologii Eksperymentalnej, Wydział Nauk Biologicznych, Uniwersytet Wrocławski, Kanonia 6/8, 50-328 Wrocław, Polska
• Department of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biological Siences, Universyty of Wrocław, Kanonia 6/8, 50-328 Wrocław, Poland

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