Ektoina - przeciwstresowa cząsteczka przyszłości

• Authors: Zofia Stępniewska , Agnieszka Kuźniar , Anna Pytlak , Jakub Ciepielski

Title variants

EN

Ectoine - anti-stress molecule of the future

• Languages of publication: PL EN

Abstracts

PL

Mikroorganizmy występują zarówno w środowiskach glebowych, jak i w ekstremalnych, m.in. w słonych jeziorach oraz kopalniach węgla czy soli. Przetrwanie w tak niekorzystnych warunkach umożliwia im obecność jednego z osmoprotektantów - ektoiny. Związek ten zapobiega utracie wody z komórek, reguluje ich turgor, nie zakłócając metabolizmu. Ektoina syntetyzowana jest przez mikroorganizmy w celu ochrony przed różnego rodzaju stresem środowiskowym, np. promieniowaniem UV lub wysoką temperaturą. Ektoina jest rzadkim aminokwasem, kwasem 1,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2-metylo-4-pyrimidyno karboksylowym o charakterze amfoterycznym. W dzisiejszych czasach znalazła szerokie zastosowanie w różnych gałęziach przemysłu. Rosnące zapotrzebowanie handlowe na ektoinę doprowadziło do szeregu działań zwiększających wydajność naturalnej biosyntezy w porównaniu do technologii chemicznych. Wśród wielu zastosowań ektoiny bardzo istotne jest wykorzystanie w medycynie. gdzie stosowana jest w celu ochrony zdrowych komórek podczas chemio- i radioterapii. Duże znaczenie posiada również w kosmetyce, gdzie dodawana jest do kremów nawilżających i produktów chroniących skórę przed promieniowaniem UV i efektem przedwczesnego foto-starzenia skóry. W biologii molekularnej wykorzystywana jest do termostabilizacji enzymów i kwasów nukleinowych, kompleksów białek-DNA i całych komórek.

EN

Microorganisms occur in soil environments as well as in extreme environments, such as saline lakes, coal and salt mines. Their survival under unfavorable conditions is possible due to the presence of an osmoprotectant - ectoine. This compound prevents the cells from water loss and regulates their turgor without disturbing their metabolism. Ectoine is synthesized by microorganisms, in order to protect them against various types of environmental stresses such as UV radiation or heat stress. Ectoine is a rare aminoacid, 1,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2-methyl-4-pyrimidinecarboxylic acid of amphoteric character. Nowadays ectoine has found wide applications in different branches of the industry. The increasing demand for ectoine led to a number of actions enhancing an efficiency of its biosynthesis compared to chemical technologies. Ectoine is commonly used in medicine to protect healthy cells during chemotherapy and radiotherapy. It is also a very important compound in cosmetics as the component of moisturizers and products used for skin protection against UV radiation and prevention from its early photoaging. In molecular biology it is used for thermal stabilization of enzymes and nucleic acids, protein-DNA complexes and whole cells.

• Journal: Kosmos
• Year: 2014
• Volume: 63
• Issue: 1
• Pages: 25-35

Dates

published

2014

Contributors

author

Zofia Stępniewska

• Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, Katedra Biochemii i Chemii Środowiska, Konstantynów 1I, 20-708 Lublin, Polska

author

Agnieszka Kuźniar

• Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, Katedra Biochemii i Chemii Środowiska, Konstantynów 1I, 20-708 Lublin, Polska

author

Anna Pytlak

• Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, Katedra Biochemii i Chemii Środowiska, Konstantynów 1I, 20-708 Lublin, Polska

author

Jakub Ciepielski

• Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, Katedra Biochemii i Chemii Środowiska, Konstantynów 1I, 20-708 Lublin, Polska

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