Ptasia grypa - światowy problem epidemiologiczny

• Authors: Elżbieta Samorek-Salamonowicz , Marian Truszczyński , Wojciech Kozdruń

Title variants

EN

Avian influenza - global epidemic problem

• Languages of publication: PL EN

Abstracts

EN

Avian influenza is a contagious disease of animals caused by viruses, members of the family Or-thomyxoviridae, genus influenzavirus A. Influenza A viruses have 16 H subtypes and 9 N subtypes. Only viruses of the H5 and H7 subtypes are known to cause the highly pathogenic form of the disease. Wild waterfowl are considered the natural reservoir of all influenza A viruses. The role of migratory birds in the spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza is not fully understood. They have probably carried influenza viruses and they can introduce to poultry flock H5 and H7 viruses, which can mutate to the highly pathogenic form. Some migratory birds are now directly spreading the H5N1 virus in its highly pathogenic form. The widespread persistence of H5N1 in poultry population is dangerous for human health. In Hong Kong, H5N1 virus infected 18 people and killed 6 of them in 1997 and the second time in early 2003 the virus caused two infections, with one death. The virus has appeared in Asia and from mid-December 2003 through early August 2004 the outbreaks in poultry caused by the H5N1 virus were reported in nine Asian nations. Russia reports its first H5N1 outbreak in poultry in late July 2005, Kazakhstan and Mongolia in early August. In October 2005, H5N1 was confirmed in poultry in Romania and Turkey. The H5N1 virus was the cause of death or destruction of about 5 billion (milliard) birds. In the current outbreak, laboratory-confirmed human cases were reported in four Asian countries: Cambodia, Indonesia, Thailand and Vietnam The virus infected 126 people and killed 64 of them. According to WHO, FAO and OIE virus H5N1 appearing in many countries and expanding to the West, is a serious threat to human health.

• Journal: Kosmos
• Year: 2005
• Volume: 54
• Issue: 4
• Pages: 321-330

Dates

published

2005

Contributors

author

Elżbieta Samorek-Salamonowicz

• Państwowy Instytut Weterynaryjny-Państwowy Instytut Badawczy, Al. Partyzantów 57, 24-100 Puławy, Polska

author

Marian Truszczyński

• Państwowy Instytut Weterynaryjny-Państwowy Instytut Badawczy, Al. Partyzantów 57, 24-100 Puławy, Polska

author

Wojciech Kozdruń

• Państwowy Instytut Weterynaryjny-Państwowy Instytut Badawczy, Al. Partyzantów 57, 24-100 Puławy, Polska

References

• Alexander D. J., 2000. A review of avian influenza in different bird species. Vet. Microbiol. 74, 3–13.
• Capua J., Mutinelli F., Marangon S., Alexander D. J., 2000. H7N1 avian influenza in Italy (1999-2000) in intensively reared chickens and turkeys. Avian Path. 29, 537–543.
• Cohen J., 1997. The flu pandemic that might have been. Science 277, 1600–1601.
• Coulombier D., Paget J., Meijer A., Ganter B., 2005. Highly pathogenic avian influenza reported to be spreading into western Russia. Surveillance Report. 18 August.
• European Commission, 2005a. Information on suspicion of avian influenza in Romania and Turkey. 13 October.
• European Commission, 2005b. Greece says it is “fully secured” against avian flu threat. 25 August.
• Hayden F., Croisier A., 2005. Transmission of avian influenza viruses to and between humans. J. Infect. Dis. 192, 1–4.
• Kawaoka Y., Krauss S., Webster R. G., 1989. Avian to human transmission of the PB1 gene of influenza A virus in the 1957 and 1968 pandemics. J. Virol. 63, 4603–4608.
• Li K. S., Guan Y., Wang H. L., 2004. Genesis of a highly pathogenic and potentially pandemic H5N1 influenza virus in eastern Asia. Nature 430, 209–213.
• Mase M., Tsukamoto K., Imada T., 2005. Characterization of H5N1 influenza A virus isolated durind 2003–2004 outbreaks in Japan. Virology 332, 167–176,
• Official Journal of European Commission, 2003. Avian influenza (AI) in the Netherlands, Belgium and Germany — chronology of main events — update 4 Jun.
• OIE. Terrestrial Animal Health Standards Commission. 2003. Avian influenza — Brief review, December, App. III.
• OIE. 2005. Highly pathogenic avian influenza in Russia-follow-up report no 1. August 5. Rozporządzenie Ministra Rolnictwa i Rozwoju Wsi. 8 września 2004 r. W sprawie zwalczania wysoce zjadliwej grypy ptaków d. pomoru drobiu. (Dz. U. z 2004 r. Nr 215, poz. 2187).
• Rozporządzenie Ministra Rolnictwa i Rozwoju Wsi. 15 października 2005 r. W sprawie zarządzenia środków związanych z zagrożeniem wystąpienia wysoce zjadliwej grypy ptaków d. pomoru drobiu. (Dz. U. z 2005 r. Nr 203, poz. 1688).
• Rudy A., Kuczkowski M., 2005. Przypomnienie o influenzie ptaków. Hodowca drobiu 9, 46–53.
• Scholtisek C., 1995. Molecular evolution of influenza viruses. Virus Genes 11, 209–215.
• Shortridge K. F., 1997. The influenza conundrum. J. Med. Microbiol. 46, 813–815.
• Shortridge K. F., Gao P., Guan Y., Jto T., Kawaoka Y., Markwell D., Takada A., Webster R. G., 2000. Interspecies transmission of influenza viruses: H5N1 virus and a Hong Kong SAR perspective. Vet. Microbiol. 74, 141–147.
• Sims L. D., Ellis T. M., Liu K. K., 2003. Avian influenza in Hong Kong 1997–2002. Avian Dis. 47, 832–838,
• Stegeman A., Bouma A., Elbers A. R. W., 2004. Avian influenza A virus epidemic in The Netherlands in 2003: course of the epidemic and effectiveness of control measures. J. Infect. Dis. 190, 208895,
• Suarez D. L., Perdue M. L., Cox N., Rowe T., Bender C., Huang J., Swaine D. E., 1998. Comparison of highly virulent H5N1 influenza A viruses isolated from humans and chickens from Hong Kong. J. Virol. 72, 6678–6688.
• Swayne D. E., Halvorson D. A., 2003. Avian Influenza. [W:] Diseases of Poultry. XI ed. Iowa State Press a Blackwell Publishing Company, 135–160.
• Taubenberger J. K., Reid A. H., Kraft A. E., 1997. Initial genetic characterization of thye 1918 „Spanish“ influenza virus. Science 275, 1793–1796.
• Thanawongnuwech R., Amosin A., Tantilertcharoen R., 2005. Probable tiger-to-tiger transmission of avian influenza (H5N1). Emerg. Infect. Dis. 11, 699–701.
• Ungchusak K., Auewarakul P., Dowell S. F., 2005. Probable person-to-person transmission of avian influenza (H5N1). N. Engl. J. Med. 352, 333–340.
• Ustawa z dnia 11 marca 2004 r. „O ochronie zdrowia zwierząt oraz zwalczaniu chorób zakaźnych zwierząt „ (Dz. U. z 2004 r. Nr 69, poz. 625, z późn. zm.).
• Webster R. G., 1999. Influenza viruses (Orthomyxoviridae). [W:] Encyclopedia of Virology. T. 2, Granoff F., Webster R. G. (red.) Academic Press, San Diego, 824–829.
• WHO, 2004a. Avian influenza (‘bird flu”) and the significance of its transmission to humans. Epidemic and pandemic Alert and Response. January 15.
• WHO, 2004b. H5N1 avian influenza: a chronology of key events. Epidemic and pandemic Alert and Response. February 12.
• WHO, 2005a. Avian influenza: situation in Viet Nam. Epidemic and pandemic Alert and Response. March 7.
• WHO, 2005b. Geographical spread of H5N1 avian influenza in birds-update 28. Situation assessment and implications for human health. Epidemic and pandemic Alert and Response. August 18.
• WHO, 2005c. Avian influenza–situation in Thailand–update 35. Epidemic and pandemic Alert and Response. October 20.
• WHO, 2005d. Confirmed human cases of avian influenza A (H5N1). Epidemic and pandemic Alert Taubenberger J. K., Reid A. H., Kraft A. E., 1997. Iniand Response. November 01.
• Zarządzenie Rady 92/40/EEC. 19 maja 1992. W sprawie wprowadzenia zarządzenia w celu zwalczania grypy ptaków.