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A laser beam is used to heat a portion of liquid closed in a vessel from the top of it to avoid convection. The temperature is measured at the bottom of the vessel by a laser waveguide sensor. The heating and measuring methods allow using a small amount of liquid of the order of a milliliter fraction. The heat flow through the liquid as well as the surrounding vessel and space is modeled by the finite-element method to calculate the temperature at the bottom vs. time. Thus obtained dependence is used then as a fitting function to get the liquid thermal conductivity among some other fitting parameters.
[12] N.S. Srivasan, X.G. Xiao, S. Seetharaman, J. Appl. Phys. 70, 2325 (1994), doi: 10.1063/1.356250
[13] W.M. Kays, M.E. Crawford, B. Weigand, Convective Heat and Mass Transfer, McGraw-Hill Professional, New York 2004, doi: 10.1615/AtoZ.b.boundary_layer_heat_transfer