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2001 | 48 | 2 | 419-428

Article title

Structure-function relationship of serine protease-protein inhibitor interaction.

Content

Title variants

Languages of publication

EN

Abstracts

EN
We report our progress in understanding the structure-function relationship of the interaction between protein inhibitors and several serine proteases. Recently, we have determined high resolution solution structures of two inhibitors Apis mellifera chymotrypsin inhibitor-1 (AMCI-I) and Linum usitatissimum trypsin inhibitor (LUTI) in the free state and an ultra high resolution X-ray structure of BPTI. All three inhibitors, despite totally different scaffolds, contain a solvent exposed loop of similar conformation which is highly complementary to the enzyme active site. Isothermal calorimetry data show that the interaction between wild type BPTI and chymotrypsin is entropy driven and that the enthalpy component opposes complex formation. Our research is focused on extensive mutagenesis of the four positions from the protease binding loop of BPTI: P1, P1', P3, and P4. We mutated these residues to different amino acids and the variants were characterized by determination of the association constants, stability parameters and crystal structures of protease-inhibitor complexes. Accommodation of the P1 residue in the S1 pocket of four proteases: chymotrypsin, trypsin, neutrophil elastase and cathepsin G was probed with 18 P1 variants. High resolution X-ray structures of ten complexes between bovine trypsin and P1 variants of BPTI have been determined and compared with the cognate P1 Lys side chain. Mutations of the wild type Ala16 (P1') to larger side chains always caused a drop of the association constant. According to the crystal structure of the Leu16 BPTI-trypsin complex, introduction of the larger residue at the P1' position leads to steric conflicts in the vicinity of the mutation. Finally, mutations at the P4 site allowed an improvement of the association with several serine proteases involved in blood clotting. Conversely, introduction of Ser, Val, and Phe in place of Gly12 (P4) had invariably a destabilizing effect on the complex with these proteases.

Year

Volume

48

Issue

2

Pages

419-428

Physical description

Dates

published
2001
received
2001-02-14
accepted
2001-04-30

Contributors

  • Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland
  • Center for Biocrystallographic Research, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznań, Poland
author
  • Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland
  • Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland
  • Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland
  • Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland
author
  • Protein Crystallography Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway
  • Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland
  • Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland
  • Institute of Physics, Department of Biophysics, Warsaw University, Warszawa, Poland

References

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  • Bardi, J.S., Luque, I. & Freire, E. (1997) Structure-based analysis of HIV-1 protease inhibitors. Biochemistry 36, 6588-6596.
  • Bode, W., Meyer, E., Jr. & Powers, J.C. (1989) Human leukocyte and porcine pancreatic elastase: X-ray structures, mechanism, substrate specificity, and mechanism-based inhibitors. Biochemistry 28, 1951-1963.
  • Bode, W. & Huber, R. (2000) Structural basis of the endoproteinase-protein inhibitor interaction. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1477, 241-252.
  • Cierpicki, T. & Otlewski, J. (2000) Determination of a high precision structure of a novel protein Linum usitatissimum trypsin inhibitor (LUTI) using computer aided assignment of NOESY crosspeaks. J. Mol. Biol. 302, 1179-1192.
  • Cierpicki, T., Bania, J. & Otlewski, J. (2000) NMR solution structure of Apis mellifera chymotrypsin/cathepsin G inhibitor-1 (AMCI-1): Structural similarity with Ascaris protease inhibitors. Protein Sci. 9, 976-984.
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  • Otlewski, J., Krowarsch, D. & Apostoluk, W. (1999) Protein inhibitors of serine proteinases. Acta Biochim. Polon. 46, 531-565.
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Document Type

Publication order reference

Identifiers

YADDA identifier

bwmeta1.element.bwnjournal-article-abpv48i2p419kz
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