A Review of Mathematical Models for the Atmospheric Dispersion of Heavy Gases. Part I. A Classification of Models

• Authors: Maria Markiewicz
• Languages of publication: EN

Abstracts

EN

In this two part article in its first part models of heavy gas dispersion in the atmosphere are classified and the distinguished groups of models are characterised. In the second part the procedures for the model quality evaluation are described and the main results of model evaluation projects are summarised. Substances released to the atmosphere which have a density greater than the density of the atmospheric air are called heavy gases or dense gases. The dispersion of heavy gases is different from that encountered in the case of neutrally or positively buoyant gases. Specific models have been developed to describe it. The heavy gas dispersion models differ in the complexity and mathematical description. Based on these criteria four main groups of models are distinguished: simple/empirical models, intermediate/integral and shallow layer models, advanced/Lagrangian particle trajectory and Lagrangian puff dispersion models and sophisticated/Computer Fluid Dynamics (CFD) models. This classification is an extension of the classification proposed earlier in the literature.

PL

W tym dwuczęściowym artykule w pierwszej części dokonano klasyfikacji modeli rozprzestrzeniania się w atmosferze gazów cięższych od powietrza i scharakteryzowano wyróżnione grupy. Gazami cięższymi od powietrza nazywa się te substancje emitowane do atmosfery, których gęstość jest większa od gęstości powietrza. Rozprzestrzenianie się w atmosferze gazów cięższych od powietrza różni się od rozprzestrzeniania się gazów neutralnych lub gazów o gęstości mniejszej od gęstości powietrza. Do opisu tego zjawiska opracowano specyficzne modele. Modele rozprzestrzeniania się gazów cięższych od powietrza różnią się stopniem skomplikowania i sposobem opisu matematycznego. Wykorzystując te dwa kryteria, można wyróżnić cztery grupy modeli: proste/empiryczne modele, pośrednie/zintegrowane i płytkiej warstwy modele, zaawansowane/Lagrange'owski trajektoryjne modele cząstek i Lagrange'owski modele obłoku, skomplikowane/modele komputerowe dynamiki płynów. Klasyfikacja ta jest rozszerzeniem klasyfikacji proponowanej już w literaturze.

Keywords

EN

atmospheric dispersion; heavy gases; mathematical models

PL

rozprzestrzenianie się zanieczyszczeń w atmosferze; gazy cięższe od powietrza; modele matematyczne

• Publisher: De Gruyter Open
• Journal: Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S
• Year: 2012
• Volume: 19
• Issue: 3
• Pages: 297-314

Dates

published

1 - 1 - 2012

online

16 - 7 - 2012

Contributors

author

Maria Markiewicz

• Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, ul. Nowowiejska 20, 00-653 Warszawa, Poland

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Identifiers

DOI

10.2478/v10216-011-0022-y