Localized Control of Exsanguinating Arterial Hemorrhage: An Experimental Model

• Authors: M. Haick , Oscar Abilez , Bonnie Johnson , Chengpei Xu , Charles Taylor , Norman Rich , Christopher Zarins
• Languages of publication: EN

Abstracts

EN

To develop an arterial injury model for testing hemostatic devices at well-defined high and low bleeding rates.Material and method. A side-hole arterial injury was created in the carotid artery of sheep. Shed blood was collected in a jugular venous reservoir and bleeding rate at the site of arterial injury was controlled by regulating outflow resistance from the venous reservoir. Two models were studied: uncontrolled exsanguinating hemorrhage and bleeding at controlled rates with blood return to maintain hemodynamic stability. Transcutaneous Duplex ultrasound was used to characterize ultrasound signatures at various bleeding rates.Results. A 2.5 mm arterial side-hole resulted in exsanguinating hemorrhage with an initial bleeding rate of 400 ml/min which, without resuscitation, decreased to below 100 ml/min in 5 minutes. After 17 minutes, bleeding from the injury site stopped and the animal had lost 60% of total blood volume. Reinfusion of shed blood maintained normal hemodynamics and both high and low bleeding rates could be maintained without hemorrhagic shock. Bleeding rate at the arterial injury site was held at 395±78 ml/min for 8 minutes, 110±11 ml/min for 15 minutes, and 12±1 ml/min for 12 minutes. Doppler flow signatures at the site of injury were characterized by high peak and end-diastolic flow velocities at the bleeding site which varied with the rate of hemorrhage.Conclusion. We have developed a hemodynamically stable model of acute arterial injury which can be used to evaluate diagnostic and treatment methods focused on control of the arterial injury site.

Keywords

EN

arterial injury model; bleeding rate; arterial hemorrhage rate; Doppler ultrasound signature

• Publisher: De Gruyter Open
• Journal: Polish Journal of Surgery
• Year: 2011
• Volume: 83
• Issue: 1
• Pages: 1-9

Dates

published

1 - 1 - 2011

online

14 - 3 - 2011

Contributors

author

M. Haick

• Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California

author

Oscar Abilez

author

Bonnie Johnson

• Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California

author

Chengpei Xu

• Department of Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California

author

Charles Taylor

• Department of Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California

author

Norman Rich

• Department of Surgery, The Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland

author

Christopher Zarins

• Department of Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California

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Identifiers

DOI

10.2478/v10035-011-0001-0