Extraction of acyclovir from pharmaceutical creams for HPLC assay. Optimization and validation of pretreatment protocols

• Authors: Paraskevas Tzanavaras , Constantinos Zacharis
• Languages of publication: EN

Abstracts

EN

Three simple protocols for the extraction of acyclovir from its pharmaceutical creams based on ultrasonication, ultrasonication with heating and magnetic stirring were evaluated and compared. Extraction kinetics were studied at different time intervals (5, 10, 15, 30 and 60 min) and the extraction efficiency was determined by HPLC. The effect of concentration of aqueous NaOH as the extraction medium and the stirring speed were also studied and optimized. Best results were obtained with 50 mL of 0.01 mol L−1 aqueous NaOH with magnetic stirring speed of 500 r.p.m. HPLC analysis involved rapid separation of acyclovir from the cream matrix using a 100 × 4.6 mm i.d. monolithic column and UV detection at 254 nm. Magnetic stirring produced the best results in terms of extraction efficiency with an average extraction yield of 100.8%, n = 16 at an optimum extraction time of 15 min. The selected protocol was validated for within and day-to-day precision and ruggedness. [...]

Keywords

EN

Acyclovir; Extraction protocols; Pharmaceutical creams; HPLC assay; Monolithic stationary phase

• Publisher: De Gruyter Open
• Journal: Open Chemistry
• Year: 2008
• Volume: 6
• Issue: 2
• Pages: 140-144

Dates

published

1 - 6 - 2008

online

17 - 4 - 2008

Contributors

author

Paraskevas Tzanavaras

author

Constantinos Zacharis

References

• [1] Yahoo Health 2004. URL: http://health.yahoo.com
• [2] Healthsquare 2004. URL: http://www.healthsquare.com
• [3] HIVdent 2005. URL: http://www.hivdent.org
• [4] D.C. Messer, L.T. Taylor, Anal. Chem. 66, 1591 (1994) http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac00081a039[Crossref]
• [5] P.D. Tzanavaras, D.G. Themelis, J. Pharm. Biomed.Anal. 43, 1526 (2007) http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpba.2006.11.002[Crossref]
• [6] K. Cabrera, D. Lubda, H-M. Eggenweiler, H. Minakuchi, K. Nakanishi, J. High Resol. Chromatogr. 23, 93 (2000) http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1521-4168(20000101)23:1<93::AID-JHRC93>3.0.CO;2-2[Crossref]
• [7] K. Nakanishi, N. Soga, U.S. Patent No 5, 624, 875, 1997
• [8] P.D. Tzanavaras, D.G. Themelis, Anal. Chim. Acta 581, 89 (2007) http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2006.07.081[Crossref]
• [9] P.D. Tzanavaras, D.G. Themelis, J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal. 43, 1483 (2007) http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpba.2006.10.014[Crossref]
• [10] S. El Deeb, L. Preu, H Watzig, J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal. 44, 85 (2007) http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpba.2007.01.045[Crossref]
• [11] International Conference on Harmonization of Technical Requirements for Registration of Pharmaceuticals for Human Use, 1996. Validation of Analytical Procedures: Methodology (Q2B).
• [12] J. M. Green, Anal. Chem. 68, 305A (1996) [Crossref]

Identifiers

DOI

10.2478/s11532-008-0002-y