Enhancement of molecular polarizabilities by the push-pull mechanism; a DFT study of substituted benzene, furan, thiophene and related molecules

• Authors: Alan Hinchliffe , Ahmed Mkadmh , Beatrice Nikolaidi , Humberto Soscún , Fakhr Abu-Awwad
• Languages of publication: EN

Abstracts

EN

We report Density Functional Theory (DFT) studies of the dipole polarizabilities of benzene, furan and thiophene together with a number of substituted and related systems. All geometries were optimized (and characterized) at the B3LYP/6-311g(2d,1p) level of theory and polarizabilities then calculated with B3LYP/6-311++G(2d,1p). For the R-ring systems we find group polarizabilities in the order R = NO2 ∼ OCH3 ∼ CN ∼ CHO > NH2 > OH > H = 0. For systems R-ring-R, 〈α〉 differs little from the additivity model, with small positive and negative increments. For systems D-ring-A (where D and A are deactivating and activating groups) we find a positive enhancement to 〈α〉 over and above the value expected on the basis of pure additivity for all pairs A and D studied. This enhancement can be increased greatly by extending the length of the conjugated chain to D-ring-CH=CH-ring-A and D-ring-N=N-ring-A systems. Empirical models of polarizability such as AM1 agree badly with the DFT calculations in an absolute sense but give excellent statistical correlation coefficients. Calculated 〈α〉’s also agree well in a statistical sense with the molecular volumes calculated from molecular mechanics force fieldsAnalysis of the results in terms of the π electrons alone is not satisfactory.

Keywords

EN

Density functional theory (DFT); molecular dipole; dipole polarizability; QSAR; group polarizability; group additivity; benzene; furan; thiophene; Susbtituents; Push-pull mechanism

• Publisher: De Gruyter Open
• Journal: Open Chemistry
• Year: 2006
• Volume: 4
• Issue: 4
• Pages: 743-759

Dates

published

1 - 12 - 2006

online

1 - 12 - 2006

Contributors

author

Alan Hinchliffe

• School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M60 1QD, UK

author

Ahmed Mkadmh

• School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M60 1QD, UK

author

Beatrice Nikolaidi

• School of Physical Sciences, The University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent, CT2 7NZ, UK

author

Humberto Soscún

• Departamento de Quimica, Facultad Experimental de Ciencias, La Universidad del Zulia, AP.526, Maracaibo, Venezuela

author

Fakhr Abu-Awwad

• Department of Chemistry, The Islamic University of Gaza, Gaza, Palestine

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Identifiers

DOI

10.2478/s11532-006-0037-x