Indirect spectrophotometric determination of gentamicin and vancomycin antibiotics based on their oxidation by potassium permanganate

• Authors: Akram El-Didamony , Alaa Amin , Ahmed Ghoneim , Ayman Telebany
• Languages of publication: EN

Abstracts

EN

Four simple, accurate, sensitive and economical procedures (A–D) for the estimation of gentamicin sulphate and vancomycin hydrochloride, both in pure form and in pharmaceutical formulations have been developed. The methods are based on the oxidation of the studied drugs by a known excess of potassium permanganate in sulphuric acid medium and subsequent determination of unreacted oxidant by reacting it with amaranth dye (method A), acid orange II (method B), indigocarmine (method C) and methylene blue (method D), in the same acid medium at a suitable λmax=521, 485, 610 and 664 nm, respectively. The reacted oxidant corresponds to the drug content. Regression analysis of Beer-Lambert plots showed good correlations in the concentration ranges 4–8, 3–8, 4–9 and 5–9 µg ml−1 with gentamicin and 4–8, 1.5–4, 1.5–4 and 3.5–5.5 µg ml−1 with vancomycin for methods A, B, C, and D, respectively. The molar absorptivity, sandell sensitivity, detection and quantification limits were calculated. The stoichiometric ratios for the cited drugs were studied. The optimum reaction conditions and other analytical parameters were evaluated. The influence of the substance commonly employed as excipients with these drugs were studied. The proposed methods were applied to the determination of these drugs in pharmaceutical formulations. The results have demonstrated that the methods are equally accurate and reproducible as the official methods.

Keywords

EN

Oxidation reaction; potassium permanganate; gentamicin; vancomycin; dosage forms; indirect spectrophotometry

• Publisher: De Gruyter Open
• Journal: Open Chemistry
• Year: 2006
• Volume: 4
• Issue: 4
• Pages: 708-722

Dates

published

1 - 12 - 2006

online

1 - 12 - 2006

Contributors

author

Akram El-Didamony

• Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt

author

Alaa Amin

• Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Banha University, Banha, Egypt

author

Ahmed Ghoneim

• Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt

author

Ayman Telebany

• Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt

References

• [1] A.V. Astakhova, N.S. Bogomolova, M.M. Viadro, V.N. Siniukhin and V.I. Kocherovets: “Problems of using aminoglycosides in intensive therapy”, Antibiot. Khimioter., Vol. 36, (1991), pp. 53–54.
• [2] P. Frutos, S. Torrado, M.E. Perez-Lorenzo and G. Frutos: “A validated quantitative colorimetric assay for gentamcin”, J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., Vol. 21, (2000), pp. 1149–1159. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0731-7085(99)00192-2[Crossref]
• [3] E.V. Khaldeeva, E.P. Medyantseva, N.A. Imanaeva and G.K. Budnikov: “Determination of gentamicin with an amperometric enzyme immunosensor”, J. Anal. Chem., Vol. 57, (2002), pp. 1097–1102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1021480500400[Crossref]
• [4] J.M. Fern’andez-Ramos, A.M. Garc’ýa-Campana, F. Al’es-Barrero and J.M. Bosque-Sendra: “Determination of gentamicin in pharmaceutical formulations using peroxyoxalate chemiluminescent detection in flow injection analysis”, Talanta, Vol. 69, (2006), pp. 763–768. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2005.11.008[Crossref]
• [5] Z.M. Habbal: “Spectrofluorometric assay of gentamicin in serum”, Clin. Chim. Acta, Vol. 95, (1979), pp. 301–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0009-8981(79)90372-3[Crossref]
• [6] M. Rizk, Y. El-Shabrawy, N.A. Zakhari, S.S. Toubar and L.A. Carreira: “Fluorimetric determination of aminoglycoside antibiotics using lanthanide probe ion spectroscopy”, Talanta, Vol. 42, (1995), pp. 1849–1856. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0039-9140(95)01640-6[Crossref]
• [7] D.A. Stead and R.M.E. Richards: “Sensitive fluorimetric determination of gentamicin sulfate in biological matrices using solid-phase extraction, pre-column derivatization with 9-fluorenylmethyl chloroformate and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography”, J. Chromatogr. B: Biomed. Sci. and Appl., Vol. 675, (1996), pp. 295–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-4347(95)00355-X[Crossref]
• [8] E. Kaale, S. Leonard, A. Van Schepdael, E. Roets and J. Hoogmartens: “Capillary Electrophoresis analysis of gentamicin sulphate with UV detection after pre-capillary derivatization with 1,2-phthalic dicarboxaldehyde and mercaptoacetic acid”, J. Chromatogr. A, Vol. 895, (2000), pp. 67–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)00412-X[Crossref]
• [9] N.E. Larsen and K.A.M. Heilesen: “Determination of gentamicin in serum using liquid column chromatography”, J. Chromatogr. B: Biomed. Sci. and Appl., Vol. 221, (1980), pp. 182–187. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0378-4347(00)81023-3[Crossref]
• [10] P.J. Kijak, J. Jackson and B. Shaikh: “Determination of gentamicin in bovine milk using liquid chromatography with post-column derivatization and fluorescence detection”, J. Chromatogr. B: Biomed. Sci. Appl., Vol. 691, (1997), pp. 377–382. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0378-4347(96)00445-8[Crossref]
• [11] F. Sar, P. Leroy and A.N.P. Archimbault: “Development and optimization of a liquid chromatographic method for the determination of gentamicin in calf tissues”, Anal. Chim. Acta, Vol. 275, (1993), pp. 285–293. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0003-2670(93)80304-4[Crossref]
• [12] A. Posyniak, J. Zmudzki and J. Niedzielska: “Sample preparation for residue determination of gentamicin and neomycin by liquid chromatography”, J. Chromatogr. A, Vol. 914, (2001), pp. 59–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)00980-8[Crossref]
• [13] D. Löffler and T.A. Ternes: “Analytical method for the determination of the aminoglycoside gentamicin in hospital wastewater via liquid chromatography-electrospraytandem mass spectrometry”, J. Chromatogr. A, Vol. 1000, (2003), pp. 583–588. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(03)00059-1[Crossref]
• [14] N.C. Megoulas and M.A. Koupparis: “Development and validation of a novel LC/ELSD method for the quantitation of gentamicin sulfate components in pharmaceuticals”, J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., Vol. 36, (2004), pp. 73–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpba.2004.05.018[Crossref]
• [15] D.M. Barends, J.S.F. van der Sandt and A. Hulshoff: “Micro-determination of gentamicin in serum by high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection”, J. Chromatogr. B: Biomed. Sci. Appl., Vol. 182, (1980), pp. 201–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0378-4347(00)81624-2[Crossref]
• [16] S.E. Walker and P.E. Coates: “High-performance liquid chromatographic method for determination of gentamicin in biological fluids”, J. Chromatogr. B: Biomed. Sci. Appl., Vol. 223, (1981), pp. 131–138. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0378-4347(00)80075-4[Crossref]
• [17] K. Kraisintu, R.T. Parfitt and M.G. Rowan: “A high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the determination and control of the composition of gentamicin sulphate”, Internat. J. Pharm., Vol. 10, (1982), pp. 67–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-5173(82)90063-1[Crossref]
• [18] H. Kubo, T.K.Y. Kobayashi and K. Tokunaga: “Micro-determination of gentamicin in serum by high-performance liquid chromatography”, J. Chromatogr. B: Biomed. Sci. Appl., Vol. 227, (1982), pp. 244–248. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0378-4347(00)80380-1[Crossref]
• [19] R. Weigand and R.J. Coombes: “Gentamicin determination by high-performance liquid chromatography”, J. Chromatogr. A, Vol. 281, (1983), pp. 381–385. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)87904-8[Crossref]
• [20] P.J. Claes, R. Busson and H. Vanderhaeghe: “Determination of the component ratio of commercial gentamicins by high-performance liquid chromatography using precolumn derivatization”, J. Chromatogr. A, Vol. 298, (1984), pp. 445–457. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)92742-6[Crossref]
• [21] C. Arcelloni, B. Comuzzi, R. Vaiani and R. Paroni: “Quantification of gentamicin in Mueller-Hinton agar by high-performance liquid chromatography”, J. Chromatogr. B: Biomed. Sci. and Appl., Vol. 753, (2001), pp. 151–156. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0378-4347(00)00460-6[Crossref]
• [22] A.I. Al-Amoud, B.J. Clark and H. Chrystyn: “Determination of gentamicin in urine samples after inhalation by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography using pre-column derivatisation with o-phthalaldehyde”, J. Chromatogr. B: Anal. Technol. Biomed. Life Sci., Vol. 769, (2002), pp. 89–95.
• [23] I. Clarot, P. Chaimbault, F. Hasdenteufel, P. Netter and A. Nicolas: “Determination of gentamicin sulfate and related compounds by high-performance liquid chromatography with evaporative light scattering detection”, J. Chromatogr., Vol. 1031, (2004), pp. 281–287. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2003.12.032[Crossref]
• [24] J.E.F. Reynolds (Ed.): Martindale the Extra Pharmacopoeia, The Royal Pharmaceutical Society, London, 1996.
• [25] G. Gilmam, T.W. Rall, A.S. Nies and P. Taylor: The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed., 2002, p. 1114.
• [26] F. Belal, S.M. El-Ashry, M.M. El-Kerdawy and D.R. El Wasseef: “Voltametric determination of vancomycin in dosage forms through treatment with nitrous acid”, Arzneimittelforschung., Vol. 51, (2001), pp. 763–768.
• [27] S.M. El-Ashry, F. Belal, M.M. El-Kerdawy and D.R. El Wasseef: “Spectrophotometric Determination of Some Phenolic Antibiotics in Dosage Forms”, Microchim. Acta, Vol. 135, (2000), pp. 191–196. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s006040070010[Crossref]
• [28] D. Sym, C. Smith, G. Meenan and M. Lehrer: “Fluorescence polarization immunoassay: can it result in an overestimation of vancomycin in patients not suffering from renal failure”, Ther. Drug Monit., Vol. 23, (2001), pp. 441–444. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00007691-200108000-00020[Crossref]
• [29] J. Diana, D. Visky, E. Roets and J. Hoogmartens: “Development and validation of an improved method for the analysis of vancomycin by liquid chromatography. Selectivity of reversed phase columns towards vancomycin components”, J. Chromatogr. A, Vol. 996, (2003), pp. 115–131.
• [30] J. Luksa and A. Marusic: “Rapid high-performance liquid-chromatographic determination of vancomycin in human plasma”, J. Chromatogr. B, Biomed. Appl., Vol. 667, (1995), pp. 277–281. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-4347(95)00033-F[Crossref]
• [31] M.J. Del Nozal, J.L. Bernal, A. Pampliega, P. Marinero, M.I. López and R. Coco: “High-performance liquid chromatographic determination of vancomycin in rabbit serum, vitreous and aqueous humour after intravitreal injection of the drug”, J. Chromatogr. A, Vol. 727, (1996), pp. 231–283. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0021-9673(95)01081-5[Crossref]
• [32] D. Farin, G.A. Piva, I. Gozlan and R. Kitzes-Cohen: “A modified HPLC method for the determination of vancomycin in plasma and tissues and comparison to FPIA”, J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., Vol. 18, (1998), pp. 367–372. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0731-7085(98)00095-8[Crossref]
• [33] D.W. Backes, H.I. Aboleneen and J.A. Simpson: “Quantitation of vancomycin and its crystalline degradation product (CDP-1) in human serum by high-performance liquid chromatography”, J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., Vol. 16, (1998), pp. 1281–1287. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0731-7085(97)00140-4[Crossref]
• [34] I. Furuta, T. Kitahashi, T. Kuroda, H. Nishio, C. Oka and Y. Morishima: “Rapid serum vancomycin assay by high-performance liquid chromatography using a semipermeable surface packing material column”, Clin. Chim. Acta, Vol. 301, (2000), pp. 31–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0009-8981(00)00307-7[Crossref]
• [35] R.T. Cass, J.S. Villa, D.E. Karr and D.E. Schmidt: “Rapid bio-analysis of vancomycin in serum and urine by high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry using on-line sample extraction and parallel analytical columns”, Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom., Vol. 15, (2001), pp. 406–412. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rcm.246[Crossref]
• [36] P. Favetta, J. Guitton, N. Bleyzac, C. Dufresne and J. Bureau: “New sensitive assay of vancomycin in human plasma using high-performance liquid chromatography and electrochemical detection”, J. Chromatogr., B: Biomed. Appl., Vol. 751, (2001), pp. 377–382. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0378-4347(00)00484-9[Crossref]
• [37] P. Favetta, J. Guitton, N. Bleyzac, C. Dufresne and J. Bureau: “New sensitive assay of vancomycin in human plasma using high-performance liquid chromatography and electrochemical detection”, J. Chromatogr., B: Biomed. Appl., Vol. 751, (2001), pp. 377–382. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0378-4347(00)00484-9[Crossref]
• [38] J. Basset, R.C. Denney, G.H. Jeffery and J. Mendham: “Vogels Book of Quantitative Inorganic Analysis”, 4th Ed., (1986), pp. 350.
• [39] R.D. Braun: Introduction to Instrumental Analysis, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1987.
• [40] IUPAC Nomenclature: “Symbols, units and their usage in spectrochemical analysis”, Pure Appl. Chem., Vol. 105, (1976), p. 45.
• [41] British Pharmacopoeia, HMSO, London, Vol. I, 1998, p. 302.
• [42] British Pharmacopoeia, HMSO, London, Vol. I, 2000, p. 1159.
• [43] J.C. Miller and J.N. Miller: Statistics for analytical chemistry, Significance tests, 3th ed., Ellis Horwood, Chichester, 1993.

Identifiers

DOI

10.2478/s11532-006-0035-z