EN
MicroRNAs belong to a family of small (-23 nt) non-coding RNAs that mediate posttranscriptional gene silencing. They are emerging as important new regulators of differentiation and development. Knowledge of their role in pancreas and islet development, may help in developing a regenerative therapy for diabetes mellitus, a metabolic disorder affecting hundreds of millions of people worldwide. In this minireview, we summarize the latest evidence of the role these new regulators play in islet lineage development, aiming to attract more research into this important developmental regulators.